Blending Operations

Topic I: Introduction to Blending Operations • State the general purpose of blending operations. • Identify operational requirements and variables that influence blending operations. • Describe the basic concepts of batch blending and inline blending. • Identify common operator responsibilities during blending operations. Topic II: Gasoline Components and Specifications • Identify common grades of gasoline produced by gasoline blending. • Identify typical gasoline blend components provided by process units. • Describe specifications and tests for gasoline volatility, vapor/liquid ratio, and octane number. Topic III: Gasoline Quality • Describe the effect on product quality of blending gasoline blend components with different RON, MON, RVP, and sensitivity values. • Define the following terms: oxygenate, octane pool, and blending octane numbers. • Describe how blending bonuses and blending negatives affect the quality of blended gasolines. • Identify some common gasoline additives and describe the relationship between oxygenates and octane number. Topic IV: Gasoline Blending • Define the following terms: octane giveaway, protofuel, target octane, trimming, and trim component. • Describe a typical example of inline gasoline blending. Topic V: Distillates Blending • Identify common distillates and finished products produced by blending these distillates. • Describe jet fuel components and specifications. • Describe diesel fuel components and specifications. • Describe furnace oil components and specifications. • Describe a typical example of batch blending distillates to produce diesel fuel. Topic VI: Asphalt Blending and Residual Fuel Blending • Describe the composition and specifications for various types of asphalt. • Describe the composition and specifications for residual fuel. • Describe a typical example of inline blending of cut-back asphalt.